Third



(No Model.)

A. BORNHOLDT. VACUUM PUMP.

Patented Peb. 24, 1891.

3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

WI N} a WHMIWHI I]! WII IH I HHH E N Arrow/5Y5 (No Model.) I 3sheets-sheet 2. A. BORNHOLDT.

VACUUM PUMP. No. 446,960. Patented Feb. 24, 1891.

B Y 46M ATTORNEY (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheefl a.

A. BORNH OLDT. VACUUM PUMP.

No. 446,960. Patented Feb. 24, 1891. 7

ATTORNEYS UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ADOIJPH BORNHOLDT, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE- THIRD TOJOSEPH GLATZ, OF SAME PLACE.

VACUUM-PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 446,960, dated February24,1891.

Application filed March 18, 1890- Serial No. 344,282. (No model.)

T0 on whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ADOLPH BORNHOLDT, a resident of Brooklyn, Kingscounty, and State of New York, have invented an Improved Vacuum-Pump, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of same, wherein- Figure 1 is avertical central section of my improved vacuum-pump. Fig. 2 isatop view,partly in section, of the same. Fig. 3 is a partial vertical sectionshowing the reservoirs L' connected together.

This invention relates toa vacuu m-pu mp and condenser combined, servingto'draw vapors from any suitable source into a'vacunm which is createdby the pump to condense these vapors and to mingle the products ofcondensation with water, from which the same may afterward beconveniently removed; and the invention consists more particularly inthe employment within each pump-chamber of a reciprocating pistoncombined with a valve mechanism for closing the passage to thevaporchambers whenever the piston approaches said passage and foropening the.

same whenever the piston recedes therefrom, and with valve mechanismalso for throwing the products of condensation into a column of waterwhich always follows one side of the piston, as hereinafter more fullydescribed.

In the accompanying drawings two vacuumpumps of my improved constructionare represented, both being joined to the vapor-supply pi peAby branchpipes B B; but I desire it to be understood that I'am not limited to theconjoint use of two pump-cylinders of my new construction, as one alonemay in many instances be profitably employed, or more than two inconnection. I will therefore describe but one of these cylinders.

The vacuum-pump cylinder is shown at- O and contains a piston D, whosestem E extends into a steam-cylinder F, within which it carries a pistonor plunger G. Steam is supplied to the cylinder F on opposite sides 'ofthe plunger Gr alternately in the wellknown manner, the devices forintroducing it not being represented in the drawings. The

5 eifeot of the alternate admission of steam to the upper and lower partof the steam-cylinder F is to lower and then raise the plunger G, andthereby tolower and to raise the plunger D within the vacuum-pump. The

plunger D is perforated, and with it the stem E is likewise perforatedfor the purpose of admit-ting within the tubular cavity thus formed astem H of a valve I, which valve is placed below the entrance of thevapor-supply pipe B to the cylinder O. A spring J maybe placed above thevalve I, as shown; but in lieu of this spring an equivalent weight maythe plunger D moves upward this frictional grasp will cause the valve Ito move upward too until it finds resistance on its seat, thus closingall communication with the pipe B, whereas when the plunger D movesdownward this frictional contact with the stem II will cause it to drawthe valve I away from its seat and thereby establish communicationbetween the vapor-pipe B and the cylinder 0. The plunger D carries alsoa check-valve b, which opens downwardly and which closes upwardly underthe influence of a suitable spring or otherwise against its seat. Bypreference this check-valve b is contained within an upward extension (Iof the plunger D, as shown, and in case this upward extension isemployed the upper head of the cylinder O has a corresponding upwardlyextending chamber 6, into which the extension d can enter, as on theright-hand side of Fig. 1, when the plunger D is raised. Below thelowermost position of the plunger D is a water-supply passage f in thewall of the cylinder 0, which communicates with a water-reservoir L.This water-reservoir I prefer to place alongside each pump-cylinder, asclearly appears from Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings; but it may be placedat a distance therefrom whenever de sired, and when I saywater-reservoirl mean either water or any analogous liquid which willanswer the purpose of receiving the products of condensation and ofcooling the walls of the vaeulnn-cylimler, another object of the waterbeing to make airtight connections wherever its column contacts themovable parts of the machine. Directly above the lowermost positionofthe plungerD is a jet-supply pipe M, through which a jet of water oranalogous liquid maybe sprayed into the cylinder 0 when the plunger I)is down.

Having now described the construction of my new pump, I will proceed todescribe its operation: Supposing the plunger 1) of the vacuu m-pu mp tobe in the lowermost position shown on the left-hand side of Fig. 1. Inthis position the valve I is open, and vapors are free to enter from thepipes A 13 into the vacuum-cylinder G. The valve 1) is closed, so thatthese vapors cannot escape from the cylinder O, and the aperture m beingopen to admit a small spray or stream of liquid into the cylinder C,sufficient simply to cover the plunger D and prevent leakage of air fromaround the same, which it continues to do during the subsequent ascentof the plunger l). Steam is now admitted beneath the piston G and theplunger D thereby lifted. As soon as it begins to lift it causes thevalve I to be closed, and is now dealing with the confined column ofvapors which had previously been admitted to the cylinder C. This columnof vapors the plunger 1) as it continues to rise compresses, no escapefor the same being provided for until the compression has reachedsuchadegreethatunderitsinfluencethechecle valve bis opened, when duringthe continued ascent of the plunger 1) these vapors will be forced intothe column of water beneath the plunger D until finally the plungerD isin the most elevated position shown on the right-hand side of Fig. I,when there will be no more vapo1s,or practically none, left above theplunger 1), all having been discharged into the water, which,during theascent of the plunger l), was caused to follow it from the reservoir llthrough the aperture f. Having now attained the most elevated position,the plunger D is next moved downward by causing steam to be admitted tothe upper part of the steamcylinder F. As soon as the down ward motionis started the valve I is immediately opened and fresh vapors areadmitted into the vacnuni-chamber which otherwise would be created bythe descent of the plunger, and the descent of the plunger tureaaeeother serves to force the water beneath through the aperture f back intothe reservoir L, and thence out through a suitable conduit 9, untilfinally the lowermost position of the plunger D (shown on the left-handside of Fig. 1) has been again attained. \Vhere there are twovacuum-pumps connected for conjoint operation, as shown in the drawings,the two reservoirs L may be directly connected together, as shown inFig. 3, so that as each piston descends the water or other liquid isforced from the corresponding reservoir L into the other reservoirthrough pipe g. The products of. condensation can be separated from theliquid that is discharged from the reservoir It or directly within thereservoir L, if desired, by any well-known means, according to thecharacter of these products in each instance.

Having now described nlyin vention,wl1at I claim is l. The combinationof the vacuumcylin dcr provided with an induction-valve, the pistonconnected with the stem of said valve so as to operate the samepositively, said piston being provided with a discharge-valve, and thewater-reservoir communicating with said cylinder on the side of thepiston opposite to the induction-valve, substantially as described.

2. The vaeuuni-cylinder having an induction-valve and reciprocatingpiston connected with said valve and provided with a dischargevalve, incombination with the water-reservoir communicating with the cylindernear the end opposite to the induction-valve, and with the spray-sup plypipe located at a point above the piston when the latter is in itslowest position, substantially as described.

3. The vacuuni-cylinder 0, having induction-valve I, valve-stem ll, andjet-pipe m, combined with the piston D, having dischargevalve Z1, saidpiston being frictionally connected with the stem ll of the valve I,which is opened and closed by said stem, and with means, such as thespring J, for reseating valve 1 when the piston passes the mouth ofjet-pipe m, substantially as described.

A'DOLPII BORNIIOLD'J. Witnesses:

HARRY M. TURK, LIVINGSTON EMERY.

